EDAC, is a water-soluble carbodiimide derivative and can be used used to conjugate proteins and peptides.

DTT, Dithiothreitol can be used for maintaining thiol groups in a reduced state during protein processing, isolation, and denaturing.

Bicine can be used in a wide array of biological applications including as a component in media formulations. Specific applications include buffers for electrophoresis, protein purification and diagnostic reagent production.

Boric Acid can be used in biopharmaceutical buffer formulations (both upstream and downstream).